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Trademark protection in the digital age: key issues and best practices

In summary

  • Anticipate before harm occurs : register your key domain names, including variations, as soon as you file your trademark.
  • Monitor continuously: set up online monitoring for domain names, social networks, and marketplaces.
  • React quickly: have a clear plan, defined procedures, and expert support to contain damage effectively.

Dreyfus law firm supports businesses in securing their digital presence by combining legal strategy, technical governance, and proactive monitoring.

Introduction

In today’s digital world, visibility drives reputation and growth , but it also exposes trademarks to ever-increasing risks.

The thematic report published by the French IP Office (INPI) entitledTrademarks and online presence: effectively protecting against digital infringements” has highlighted the wide range of digital threats faced by trademark holders trademark: cybersquatting, typosquatting, phishing, spam, identity theft on social networks, and counterfeiting on marketplaces.

Yet, these attacks can be anticipated and managed effectively through a structured strategy.

With more than 20 years of experience in intellectual property, this article explores the key risks, preventive measures, and best practices for effective trademark protection.

Dreyfus law firm helps companies move from a reactive approach to a proactive and resilient trademark protection strategy.

The main risks for a trademark online

  • Cybersquatting: registration of a domain name identical or similar to a trademark, often to divert traffic or resell it at a high price.
  • Typosquatting: creation of domains with slight spelling variations (e.g., “goggle.com”) to deceive users and collect their data.
  • Phishing: fake websites or emails imitating a trademark to steal confidential information.
  • Spam: mass email campaigns using domain names resembling the trademark, damaging its image and deliverability.
  • Counterfeiting on marketplaces and social media: unauthorized products sold under the trademark’s identity.
  • Identity theft: fake social accounts created in the trademark’s name to mislead consumers.

These risks combined can erode consumer trust, damage SEO performance, and severely impact trademark reputation.

Prevention: anticipating the threats

Register strategic domain names

We recommend securing domain names at the same time as filing a trademark.

Best practices include:

  • registering major extensions (.com, .fr, .eu, etc.);
  • reserving orthographic or phonetic variants;
  • considering new relevant extensions (e.g., .shop, .tech).

This proactive approach reduces exposure to domain-based attacks in a first-come, first-served environment.

Set up active monitoring

Continuous monitoring helps detect:

  • registrations of domains similar to your trademark;
  • fake social media accounts;
  • counterfeit products sold online.

Quick detection enables faster action and minimizes damage.

Secure your digital assets

  • Implement advanced security protocols (DNSSEC, HTTPS, DMARC, SPF, DKIM, MFA).
  • Manage subdomains and redirects with strict internal rules.
  • Integrate cybersecurity into trademark governance.

Dreyfus law firm also advises establishing a digital asset inventory, assigning responsibilities for each domain, and maintaining updated records.

Responding to an infringement

Identify and assess the infringement

When a potential infringement is detected:

  • determine the infringement type (cybersquatting, phishing, counterfeiting, etc.);
  • assess the level of urgency and potential damage;
  • identify the responsible party or domain holder.

Take immediate corrective actions

  • Request the suspension or transfer of the abusive domain through a UDRP or local procedure.
  • Report fake accounts to platforms for prompt removal.
  • Inform customers and partners transparently if their data or trust might be affected.
  • Launch a controlled communication plan to mitigate reputational damage.

Learn from every incident

Each incident is an opportunity to strengthen internal processes:

  • update security and governance procedures;
  • expand domain portfolio coverage;
  • provide regular staff training;
  • record incidents and outcomes to refine prevention.

The digital protection checklist

  • Map all official domain names and social accounts.
  • Reserve key domains and critical variants.
  • Activate DNSSEC, DMARC, HTTPS, and other core security measures.
  • Establish a multi-channel monitoring system (domains, social media, marketplaces).
  • Define a clear emergency response plan.
  • Train employees to identify early warning signs.
  • Measure key indicators: detection time, resolution time, and avoided costs.

Why this approach matters

A valuable intangible asset

Your trademark is more than a name ; it’s a strategic intangible asset.

Losing control online can destroy years of investment in trust and reputation.

A lever for trust and compliance

Consumers, partners, and authorities expect digital environments that are secure and transparent.

Robust online protection enhances credibility and demonstrates compliance.

A lasting competitive advantage

Prevention is always cheaper than crisis management.

Trademarks that anticipate risks gain in resilience and long-term performance.

How Dreyfus law firm supports companies

Dreyfus law firm helps trademark owners build a robust digital protection framework through six pillars:

  1. Risk audit: identifying vulnerabilities and prioritizing actions.
  2. Portfolio strategy: planning domain registrations and defensive coverage.
  3. Governance: defining internal policies for domain management.
  4. Monitoring: tracking domains, social networks, and marketplaces.
  5. Crisis management: legal and technical assistance during an infringement.
  6. Training: educating internal teams about digital threats and best practices.

With recognized expertise in intellectual property and digital law, the firm operates at the intersection of legal strategy, technology, and cybersecurity,  in France and internationally.


Conclusion

Protecting a trademark online is no longer optional,  it’s a core element of corporate strategy.

By combining preventive measures (registration, monitoring, security) and rapid response protocols, companies can reduce their exposure and strengthen customer trust.

Dreyfus law firm works alongside businesses to design and implement strong, adaptable digital protection strategies aligned with their global ambitions.


Q&A

What is cybersquatting?
It’s when a third party registers a domain name identical or similar to a trademark, intending to divert traffic or resell it.

How can a trademark protect itself online?
By combining trademark registration, strategic domain reservations, security protocols, and continuous monitoring.

What should I do if someone impersonates my trademark?
Gather evidence, identify the domain holder, and launch a UDRP or contact the relevant platform to request the blocking, deactivation or transfer of the domain name.

Why monitor social media?
Fake accounts can damage trademark trust, spread misinformation, or defraud customers , early detection is essential.

What does Dreyfus law firm offer?
The Dreyfus law firm helps companies design and implement legal and technical strategies for protecting and managing their trademark online.

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Nathalie Dreyfus, International Expert in Domain Name Disputes, to Speak at Domain Summit Europe – London 2025

In today’s digital economy, domain names are at the heart of corporate strategies. With the growing number of disputes, the rise of cybersquatting, and new challenges linked to cybersecurity, e-commerce and emerging technologies, trusted expertise has become indispensable.

At the Domain Summit Europe – London 2025, held from 1 to 3 September 2025 at the Business Design Centre, London, Nathalie Dreyfus, French Intellectual Property Attorney and founder of Dreyfus, will share her insights on the latest developments and strategies for protecting and defending digital assets worldwide.

A leading authority in domain name disputes

Recognized among the Top 250 Women in IP and consistently ranked by WTR 1000, IP Stars and Legal 500, Nathalie Dreyfus is one of the most prominent figures in intellectual property.

For over two decades, she has advised companies and institutions in more than 60 countries, helping them protect and enhance their intangible assets — particularly domain names, which have become strategic assets in their own right.

As a frequent conference speaker, trainer, and panelist for international institutions, she regularly addresses cutting-edge issues such as cybersecurity, blockchain, new domain extensions, and global brand enforcement strategies.

Why domain names are critical for businesses today

A domain name is no longer just an internet address. It represents:

  • An economic asset: it directly impacts visibility, credibility, and brand reputation.
  • A legal issue: cybersquatting, impersonation, and counterfeiting make disputes inevitable.
  • An international challenge: businesses expanding online must anticipate risks on a global scale.
  • A cybersecurity concern: domain names are prime targets for fraud and digital attacks.

In this context, insights from experts like Nathalie Dreyfus are essential to guide professionals on best practices for managing and defending domain portfolios.

Speaking at the Domain Summit Europe – London 2025

The Domain Summit Europe is a must-attend event for registrars, registries, investors, legal professionals, branding and SEO experts, startups, and digital entrepreneurs.

At this year’s edition, Nathalie Dreyfus will address the topic:

“Domain Names: Latest Developments and Strategic Insights to Anticipate Disputes and Strengthen Global Digital Presence.”

Her presentation will cover:

  • Recent developments on domain extensions and their impact on brand owners,
  • Effective mechanisms for resolving domain disputes,
  • Proactive management strategies to prevent litigation,
  • The intersection between trademarks and domain names in today’s digital economy.

Dreyfus: international reach and expertise

Founded by Nathalie Dreyfus, the Paris-based firm supports clients across Europe, the United States, Asia, and the Middle East. Its services include:

  • Trademark filing and portfolio management,
  • Domain name monitoring and enforcement,
  • Online anti-counterfeiting and cybersquatting litigation,
  • Strategic advice on emerging technologies.

This international reach allows the firm to deliver tailored and proactive strategies to meet today’s digital challenges.

Video presentation

On the occasion of the conference, we invite you to watch Nathalie Dreyfus’s video presentation.

Conclusion

The participation of Nathalie Dreyfus in the Domain Summit Europe – London 2025 highlights the growing importance of domain names as key intangible assets.
Her contribution will provide valuable insights for companies and legal professionals seeking to anticipate risks, strengthen digital strategies, and secure their global presence online.

📅 Dates: 1–3 September 2025 (main program on 2–3 September)
📍 Venue: Business Design Centre, 52 Upper St, London, UK
🔗 Official site: https://london25.domainsummit.com/

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Are there copyrights on the online resale of video games?

The resale of digital video games raises significant legal issues, primarily related to licensing agreements and copyright. Unlike physical games, digital games are subject to strict rules prohibiting their resale, a practice consumers might naturally expect given the intangible nature of these products. This article analyses the legal reasons behind this prohibition and the consequences for consumers and market players.

Legal issues surrounding the resale of digital video games

The nature of digital video games

Digital video games are purchased and downloaded through online platforms. One of the main distinctions from physical games is that consumers do not actually purchase the game, but instead obtain a usage license that grants them the right to use the game for a set period, without becoming the owner of the game or its content.

These licenses are personal and non-transferable. The terms are specifically outlined in the agreements that users accept upon purchase. It is due to this lack of ownership that it is legally impossible to resell an online video game.

Licensing agreements and copyright protection

Video games are protected by copyright, which grants the publisher exclusive rights to distribution and use, as outlined in the Intellectual Property Code. This explains the strict restrictions associated with them.

Licensing agreements serve to protect these rights and limit the use of the games within the framework set by the publisher. For publishers, this is an effective means of controlling the distribution of their works and preserving their economic model.

The absence of a second-hand market for online video games: a consequence of copyright law

Exhaustion of rights and its limits in the digital video game sector

The exhaustion of rights principle is an important concept that allows a physical item to be resold freely after its first sale, provided that the sale occurred within the European Union. However, this principle does not apply to intangible goods, such as digital video games.

Indeed, according to Article 4 of Directive 2001/29/EC on copyright, the exhaustion of rights applies only to tangible items, not to services or digital products like video games. This rule is intended to protect the interests of publishers and prevent the uncontrolled circulation of digital products.

tangible assets digital assets

Jurisprudence and the absence of a resale right

The Court of Cassation recently clarified the issue of the exhaustion of the distribution right for an online video game in its judgment of October 23, 2024 (n° 23-13.738), rejecting the appeal by the UFC-Que Choisir association against Valve Corporation regarding the resale of digital video games on the Steam platform, where the general terms prohibited resale and the transfer of accounts or subscriptions purchased on the platform.

The court confirmed that video games are complex works that include graphic, sound, and narrative elements, protected by Directive 2001/29/EC on copyright, rather than Directive 2009/24/EC relating to computer programs. This distinction aligns with earlier CJEU rulings, which clarified that the exhaustion of rights applies only to tangible objects, not digital products.

Several decisions confirm this trend, notably including:

  • Nintendo (January 23, 2014): in this case, Nintendo sued PC Box for selling downloadable video games online. Nintendo challenged the resale of copies of its digital video games without its authorization, after consumers had downloaded the games via a download code.
  • Tom Kabinet (December 19, 2019): Tom Kabinet, a Dutch website, set up a marketplace for reselling digital copies of e-books. The case concerned the legality of reselling these copies after their initial purchase.

The future of video game resale online

Possible legislative changes

In the context of potential European legislative reforms, some argue for relaxing the rules regarding the resale of digital video games. In 2021, the European Commission launched a public consultation to explore legislative reform options for the digital market. However, the economic model of publishers and the protection of copyright remain key issues that delay in-depth reform.

Certain consumer-friendly initiatives, such as the creation of more flexible, potentially transferable licenses, could reconcile the interests of publishers and users, creating a controlled resale system on authorized platforms.

The role of distribution platforms

Online video game distribution platforms, such as Steam or PlayStation Store, play a central role in regulating the market for digital video games. While these platforms sometimes offer sharing or exchange systems, they still limit the free resale of games. Their policies are driven by the licensing agreements negotiated with publishers and developers.

Conclusion

The prohibition of the resale of online video games is mainly due to the structure of licensing agreements and copyright law. Video game publishers maintain strict control over the distribution of their digital products, preventing the creation of a second-hand market. While some legislative changes could relax these restrictions, the current framework continues to favor the economic interests of publishers over consumer rights.

Dreyfus Law firm assists its clients in managing complex intellectual property cases, offering personalised advice and comprehensive operational support for the full protection of intellectual property.

Dreyfus Law firm works in partnership with a worldwide network of lawyers specialising in Intellectual Property.

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Nathalie Dreyfus with the assistance of the entire Dreyfus team.

 

FAQ

  1. Why can’t digital video games be resold?
    Digital video games are governed by licensing agreements that prohibit their resale, due to their copyright protection.
  2. What is a video game license?
    A video game license is a contract between the consumer and the publisher, allowing the consumer to play the game under specific conditions, without owning it.
  3. Are there any exceptions to the resale ban for digital video games?
    In some cases, a perpetual license may allow for the transfer of usage rights, but these situations are rare, and permissions must be explicitly stated.
  4. What are the legal risks of reselling digital video games online?
    Unauthorized resale may lead to legal action for infringement of copyright and licensing agreements.
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